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Metaphysical Painting - the Italian art movement, Pittura Metafisica was founded in 1917 by Carlo Carra (Italian, 1881-1966) and Giorgio de Chirico(Italian, 1888-1978), who met in Ferrara that year. "Mystery" is the most familiar word of Chirico. He wrote the following: "there is much more mystery in the shadow of a man walking on a sunny day, than in all religions of the world". there were several other artists associated with them including Giorgio Morandi (1890-1964), Mario Sironi (1885-1961), and Filippo de Pisis (1896-1956). They aimed to depict an alternative reality which engaged most immediately with the unconscious mind. In this style of painting, an illogical reality seemed credible. Using a sort of alternative logic, Carra and de Chirico juxtaposed various ordinary subject -- typically including starkly rendered buildings, trains, and mannequins. Their alliance lasted less than a year and in 1919 all members of this group went into copying the paintings by old masters. Metaphysical Painting provided significant impetus for the development of Dada and Surrealism that was founded with the manifesto by Andre Breton. Their main slogan was following: the essence of things can be conceived not by reason but only using intuition. The philosophy of the unconscious of Freud became its philosophic basis. A lot has been said and written on surrealism. This direction in art exists no more, though some artists still work in surrealistic style.
"Metarealism" is a direction in Russian literature and art that was born in the seventies – eighties of the last century. The notion "metarealism" - (meta means "through") - philosophically speaking, this is metaphysical realism. Meaning realism of hyperphysical nature of things. The main expression of its essence is given with metabola (on the contrary to hyperbole) which means "transfer", "transition", opening many dimensions. Metabola is different from the symbol because it assumes the interosculation of realities. And metarealism has very little to do with surrealism, since it appeals to the superconscious and not to subconscious thus opening many-dimensional perception of the world. |
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Article by: Vika Bregeda
Translated: Alexander Mirgorodski
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